This book seeks to reconstruct Laozi’s thought on the basis of Daodejing, highlighting the main aspects of Laozi’s philosophy and ideological system. It explores the connotation of the core concept of Laozi’s philosophy—“Dao”(the Way), Laozi’s dialectics and Zhuangzi’s further deepening and development of Laozi’s philosophy, the concepts of Being and Not-being, the unity of opposites, the theoretical basis of Zhuangzi’s famous argument of “Making All Things Equal”, and the Daoist philosophy of life and the Daoist view of life and death etc. With the help of some illustrations and classical stories, we try to illustrate the essence of traditional Chinese culture.