This textbook covers the most important modern and classic synthetic methods/named reactions and illustrates which substrates they can be most efficiently applied to. Based on commonly used functionalities or typical reaction types, the reader is gradually provided with the necessary tools to either understand a published synthesis or to aid in planning their own synthetic approach. · Assessment and comparison of the most important synthetic methods, including comprehensive literature references · Detailed explanations of the involved mechanisms · Numerous examples of their application in complex syntheses · Tools for the design and optimization of synthesis approaches in both an academic and industrial context Notable emphasis is placed on understanding the respective reaction mechanisms. This allows for the comprehension and prediction of the selectivity of a transformation and its compatibility with common functional groups. New developments beyond the provided scope can accordingly be understood based on the covered content. The strategic use of color in the figures enables the reader to internalize and intuitively grasp the material. Potential users are also provided with guidelines and summary tables to make it easier to get started in practice.